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[01]Relays Technique

What proper relays technique looks like

Phase by phase, not gut feel

Good relays technique isn't a vibe. It's a sequence. Each phase has clear targets you can measure: angles, foot positions, body lean. The AI tells you which phase in your rep is costing you the most.

The frames coaches actually pause on

Watch a relays coach review tape. They pause on the same handful of frames every time. The takeoff, the plant, the release, the clearance. The AI pulls those exact frames for you.

Errors in phase 2 show up in phase 4

Most form errors trace back one or two phases. Fixing the symptom doesn't help. The AI traces the chain back to the cause so you fix the right thing.

Technique on video

See your relays technique frame by frame

Upload a clip, AI tags every phase, marks where technique breaks, and writes a coaching note for each one. The same phase-by-phase read your coach would give, but on every rep, not just meet day.

Follow up in chat and ask questions. The AI remembers your analysis and speaks the language of relays coaching.

  • Free first analysis, no account required
  • Offline history cached on your device
  • Priority-tagged coaching notes
  • AI chat follow-up on every analysis
4x100 relay baton exchange captured mid-handoff, Track & Field AI analysis (technique-graded)
Relays · Sample analysis “Outgoing runner left the go mark 0.12s early, caused 0.5m of deceleration waiting for the baton.”
[01]Phase by phase

The full relays sequence, broken down

Each phase has a coaching cue, a measurable target, the frames a coach pauses on, and the failure mode AI flags most often. Use it as a self-diagnostic checklist on every video.

01
Phase 01 / 06

Incoming runner approach

Incoming runner sprints at maximum speed into the exchange zone. Speed retention is the entire job.

Cue"Run through the zone. Don't decelerate to hand off."
TargetIncoming speed at exchange: 9.5+ m/s elite. Incoming runner finishes 25 m past their exchange.
FramesApproach to exchange zone, last 5 m before zone, exchange moment.
FailureDecelerating into the zone (most common error).
02
Phase 02 / 06

Outgoing runner go-mark trigger

Outgoing runner waits at the back of the 10 m acceleration zone. They start sprinting when the incoming runner crosses the go-mark.

Cue"Watch the mark, not the runner."
TargetGo-mark distance via Ecker formula: G = 75(B - A) / A. Typical: 18-22 ft for HS, 25-30 ft for elite.
FramesOutgoing in set position, incoming hits go-mark, outgoing first stride.
FailureLate start (incoming catches outgoing slow); early start (outgoing leaves zone before baton arrives).
03
Phase 03 / 06

Acceleration in the zone

Outgoing runner accelerates blind. The 10 m acceleration zone (added in 2018) gives time to build speed before the 20 m exchange zone.

Cue"Drive forward. Don't slow for the call."
TargetOutgoing reaches ~85-95% of max velocity by exchange moment.
FramesFirst 3 strides, mid-acceleration zone, entering exchange zone.
FailureLooking back; slowing to wait for baton.
04
Phase 04 / 06

Verbal call and hand back

Incoming runner calls 'stick' (or similar) when ~2 arm-lengths away. Outgoing throws hand back, palm up (upsweep) or down (downsweep), held still.

Cue"Hand back, hold still, wait for the slap."
TargetHand position: thumb out, palm flat. Hand placed at hip-height for upsweep, shoulder-height for downsweep.
FramesCall frame, hand-back frame, baton hits palm.
FailureHand drops or moves on the call (drop risk). Hand turned wrong direction.
05
Phase 05 / 06

Baton transfer

Incoming runner places (not throws) the baton firmly into the outgoing's hand. Both runners maintain speed.

Cue"Push it in. Don't release until you feel the grip close."
TargetTime loss in exchange < 0.05 s in elite. Speed differential < 0.5 m/s.
FramesBaton entering palm, palm closing, incoming releasing.
FailurePremature release (drop). Reaching backward (deceleration of incoming).
06
Phase 06 / 06

Drive out

Outgoing runner accelerates out of the zone with the baton, into their own race phase.

Cue"Drive forward, no looking down."
TargetSpeed at exit > speed at exchange. Stay in lane.
FramesFirst 5 strides post-exchange.
FailureGlancing at the baton; drift in lane.
[02]Numerical targets

Key relays metrics

The numbers coaches grade against. Levels run from beginner through elite, your AI form check compares your reps to the level above you.

Exchange zone length
20 m (since 2018; was 30 m before).
Acceleration zone length
10 m before the exchange zone for 4x100m.
Go-mark distance (typical)
18-22 ft (HS), 25-30 ft (elite). Exact via Ecker formula.
Exchange time loss target
< 0.05 s vs both runners at peak speed.
4x400 exchange type
Visual handoff; incoming runner places baton with arm extended.
4x100 exchange type
Blind handoff inside the 20m zone; outgoing accelerates without looking back.
[09]Methodology & sources

References

Primary sources behind the numbers and methods on this page.

  1. How to Calculate Relay Exchange Marks (SimpliFaster)
  2. Effective Baton Exchange in the 4x100 m Relay Race
  3. Start with a Bang: 4x100 Relay (SimpliFaster)
  4. 4x100m Relay: Exchange Zones, Handoff Technique & Leg Order
[10]Common questions

Relays Technique FAQ

Five common questions about relays that come up in coaching.

What's the most important phase of relays technique?
Different for each athlete. The AI flags the phase that's costing you the most in your specific reps, instead of giving a generic answer.
Can I learn relays technique from video alone?
Video accelerates technique work, but you still need reps and feedback. AI gives you the feedback half on every rep, even when no coach is watching.
How long does it take to fix relays technique errors?
Small errors close up in 2-4 weeks of focused work. Bigger habits take a season. AI tracks the closing of the gap on every video re-test.
Does AI know my level of relays?
Yes, the standards it grades against are tuned for HS, club, and college levels. The targets scale with your level.
What's the difference between AI feedback and coach feedback?
AI is consistent, frame-accurate, and available on every rep. A real coach has context AI doesn't. Use both.
[INDEX]More ways to dial in your relays

The full relays index

A directory of every relays page on the site, from broad analysis tools to specific phase deep-dives. Each entry points to a focused write-up.

Try it free

Grade your relays technique now.

Download the app. Film a rep. See what the AI sees. Free first analysis, no card, no account required.

60s
Time per analysis
Free first analysisNo card
Coaching languagePlain English
Relays modelsEvent-specific